There are various
types of protocols that support a major and compassionate role in communicating
with different devices across the network. These are:
- Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP)
- Internet Protocol (IP)
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
- Post office Protocol (POP)
- Simple mail transport Protocol
(SMTP)
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(HTTP)
- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
Secure (HTTPS)
- Telnet
- Gopher
Let's discuss each of them briefly:
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): TCP is a popular communication protocol which is
used for communicating over a network. It divides any message into series
of packets that are sent from source to destination and there it gets
reassembled at the destination.
- Internet Protocol (IP): IP is designed explicitly as
addressing protocol. It is mostly used with TCP. The IP addresses in
packets help in routing them through different nodes in a network until it
reaches the destination system. TCP/IP is the most popular protocol
connecting the networks.
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP): UDP is a substitute communication
protocol to Transmission Control Protocol implemented primarily for
creating loss-tolerating and low-latency linking between different
applications.
- Post office Protocol (POP): POP3 is designed for receiving incoming E-mails.
- Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP): SMTP is designed to send and distribute outgoing
E-Mail.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP allows users to transfer files from one
machine to another. Types of files may include program files, multimedia
files, text files, and documents, etc.
- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): HTTP is designed for transferring a hypertext
among two or more systems. HTML tags are used for creating links. These
links may be in any form like text or images. HTTP is designed on
Client-server principles which allow a client system for establishing a
connection with the server machine for making a request. The server
acknowledges the request initiated by the client and responds accordingly.
- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
(HTTPS): HTTPS is
abbreviated as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure is a standard protocol
to secure the communication among two computers one using the browser and
other fetching data from web server. HTTP is used for transferring data
between the client browser (request) and the web server (response) in the
hypertext format, same in case of HTTPS except that the transferring of
data is done in an encrypted format. So it can be said that https thwart
hackers from interpretation or modification of data throughout the
transfer of packets.
- Telnet: Telnet is a set of rules designed for connecting one
system with another. The connecting process here is termed as remote
login. The system which requests for connection is the local computer, and
the system which accepts the connection is the remote computer.
- Gopher: Gopher is a collection of rules implemented for
searching, retrieving as well as displaying documents from isolated sites.
Gopher also works on the client/server principle.
Some Other Protocols
Some other popular protocols act as
co-functioning protocols associated with these primary protocols for core
functioning. These are:
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
- DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
- IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol)
- SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)
- RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol)
- RLP (Resource Location Protocol)
- RAP (Route Access Protocol)
- L2TP (Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol)
- PPTP (Point To Point Tunnelling Protocol)
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
- TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)