Test Seies-01[List of international observances]

List of international observances
Below is a list of days, years and decades that have been recognized as international observances by the United Nations, or by some other organizations that declare international observances but are not as widely recognized.

Days[edit]
'''====January===='

January 1- new years day
January 4 - World Braille Day
January 26 – International Customs Day recognized by the World Customs Organization
January 27 – International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust, recognized by the UN
January 31 – Street Children's Day
February
February 2 – World Wetlands Day
February 4 – World Cancer Day, recognized by the UN and WHO
February 6 -- International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation, recognized by WHO
February 11 – World Day of the Sick Instituted by Pope John Paul II
February 14 - World Valentine Day
February 13 – World Radio Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO
February 20 – World Day of Social Justice, recognized by the UN
February 21 – International Mother Language Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO
February 21 – International Human Rights Commission Constitution Day, recognized by the IHRC
March
March 1 - World Civil Defence Day
March 8 – International Women's Day, recognized by the UN
March 11 – World Day of Muslim Culture, Peace, Dialogue and Film
March 14 – International Day of Action for Rivers
March 14 – Pi Day
March 15 – World Consumer Rights Day World Contact Day
March 20 – International Day of the Francophonie
March 20 – International Day of Happiness, recognized by the UN
March 20 – World Sparrow Day
March 21 – International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, recognized by the UN
March 21 – World Poetry Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO
March 21 – International Day of Nowruz, recognized by the UN
March 21 – World Down Syndrome Day, recognized by the UN
March 21 – World Puppetry Day, recognized by UNIMA
March 21 – International Day of Forests, recognized by the UN
March 22 – World Water Day, recognized by the UN
March 23 – World Meteorological Day, recognized by the UN and WHO
March 24 – World Tuberculosis Day, recognized by the UN and WHO
March 24 – International Day for the Right to the Truth concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, recognized by the UN
March 25 – International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade, recognized by the UN
March 25 – International Day of Solidarity with Detained and Missing Staff Members, recognized by the UN
March 27 - World Theatre Day
Third Friday of March – World Sleep Day
April
April 1 – April Fool's Day, recognized by most of the Western World (except most of Spain), Iran, Brazil and the island of Minorca (within Spain)
April 2 – World Autism Awareness Day, recognized by the UN[4][24]
April 2 – International Children's Book Day
April 4 – International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action, recognized by the UN
April 7 – Day of Remembrance of the Victims of the Rwanda Genocide, recognized by the UN
April 7 – World Health Day, recognized by the UN and WHO
April 8 – International Romani Day
April 12 – International Day of Human Space Flight, recognized by the UN,[4][28] also observed as "Yuri's Night" by space enthusiasts by Russia and the former USSR under the name of "Cosmonautics Day"
April 16 – World Entrepreneurship Day[29]
April 17 – World Hemophilia Day
April 22 – International Mother Earth Day, recognized by the UN[4][30]
April 23 – World Book and Copyright Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][31]
April 23 – English Language Day[4]
April 24 – World Day for Laboratory Animals
April 25 – World Malaria Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][32]
April 26 – World Intellectual Property Day, recognized by the UN and WIPO[4][33]
April 28 – World Day for Safety and Health at Work, recognized by the UN and ILO[4][34]
April 29 – Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare, recognized by the UN[4][35]
April 29 – International Dance Day, recognized by UNESCO[36]
April 30 – International Jazz Day, recognized by the UN[4][37]
May
May 1 – May Day, International Workers' Day
May 3 – World Press Freedom Day, recognized by the UN[4][38]
May 4 – International Firefighters' Day, Star Wars Day
May 5 – International Midwives Day
May 8 – World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day
May 8–9 – Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for Those Who Lost Their Lives during the Second World War, recognized by the UN[4][39]
May 9 – Europe day
May 10-International Migratory Bird Day, North America
May 12 – International Nurses Day
May 15 – International Day of Families, recognized by the UN[4][40]
May 17 – World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, recognized by the UN and ITU[4][41]
May 17 – World AIDS Vaccine Day
May 17 – International Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia
May 18 – International AIDS Candlelight Memorial
May 18 – International Museum Day
May 21 – World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development, recognized by the UN[4][42]
May 22 – International Day for Biological Diversity, recognized by the UN[4][43]
May 22 – World Goth Day
May 23 – World Turtle Day
May 25 – Geek Pride Day, Towel Day
May 29 – Pashto Day پښتو ورځ[44]
May 29 – International Day of UN Peacekeepers, recognized by the UN[45]
May 31 – World No-Tobacco Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][46]
First Tuesday of May – World Asthma Day
Second Saturday of May – World Fair Trade Day
Second Sunday of May – Mother's Day
Full moon in May – Vesak[4]
A weekend in May – World Migratory Bird Day, recognized by the UN and UNEP[4][47]
June
June 1 – Global Day of Parents, recognized by the UN[4][48]
June 1 – International Children's Day
June 4 – International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression, recognized by the UN[4][49]
June 5 – World Environment Day, recognized by the UN and UNEP[4][50]
June 8 – World Oceans Day, recognized by the UN[4][51]
June 12 – World Day Against Child Labour,[4][52]
June 14 – World Blood Donor Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][53]
June 15 – World Elder Abuse Awareness Day, recognized by the UN[4][54]
June 17 – World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought, recognized by the UN[4][55]
June 18 – Autistic Pride Day
June 20 – World Refugee Day, recognized by the UN[4][56]
June 21 – World Music Day
June 23 – United Nations Public Service Day, recognized by the UN[4][57]
June 23 – International Widow's Day, recognized by the UN[4][58]
June 24 – World Young Doctors' Day[59]
June 25 – Day of the Seafarer, recognized by the UN and IMO[4][60]
June 26 – International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, recognized by the UN[4][61]
June 26 – United Nations International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, recognized by the UN[4][62]
3rd Sunday of June – Fathers' Day in some countries
July
First Saturday in July – International Day of Cooperatives, recognized by the UN[4][63]
July 2 – World UFO Day
July 6 - World Zoonoses Day[64]
July 11 – World Population Day, recognized by the UN[4][65]
July 12—Malala Yousafzai Day, recognized by the UN(July 14,2014-Malala Yousafzai Day)
July 13 -- Rock Worldwide Day[66]
July 17 - World Day for International Justice
July 18 – Nelson Mandela International Day, recognized by the UN[4][67]
July 28 – World Hepatitis Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][68]
July 29 – International Tiger Day
July 30 – International Day of Friendship, recognized by the UN[4][69]
August
First Friday of August – International Beer Day
August 9 – International Day of the World's Indigenous People, recognized by the UN[4][70]
August 12 – International Youth Day, recognized by the UN[4][71]
August 13 – International Lefthanders Day
August 17 - Smile and Wave to Tourists International Day
August 19 – World Humanitarian Day, recognized by the UN[4][72]
August 21 - World Fashion Day
August 23 – International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][73]
August 29 – International Day against Nuclear Tests, recognized by the UN[4][74]
August 30 – International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances, recognized by the UN[4][75]
September
September 5 International Day of Charity[4]
September 8 – International Literacy Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][76]
September 8 Physical Therapy, recognized by World Confederation of Physical Therapy
September 10 – World Suicide Prevention Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][77]
September 12 – United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation, recognized by the UN[4][78]
September 15 – International Day of Democracy, recognized by the UN[4][79]
September 16 – International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, recognized by the UN[4][80]
September 18 – World Water Monitoring Day
September 19 - International Talk Like a Pirate Day
September 21 – International Day of Peace, recognized by the UN[4][81]
September 26 – European Day of Languages
September 27 – World Tourism Day, recognized by the UN and UNWTO[4][82]
September 28 – World Rabies Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][83]
September 28 – International Right to Know Day[84]
September 29 – World Heart Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][85]
September 29 – International Coffee Day
September 30 – Blasphemy Day
Last Thursday of September – World Maritime Day, recognized by the UN and IMO[86]
October
October 1 – International Day of Older Persons, recognized by the UN[4][87]
October 1 – World Vegetarian Day
October 1 – World Sake Day
October 2 – International Day of Non-Violence, recognized by the UN[4][88]
October 2 – World Cerebral Palsy Day
October 4 – World Animal Day
October 5 – World Teachers' Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][89]
October 9 – World Post Day, recognized by the UN[4][90]
October 10 – World Mental Health Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][91]
October 11 – International Day of the Girl Child, recognized by the UN[4][92]
October 12 – World Arthritis Day
October 13 – International Day for Disaster Reduction, recognized by the UN[4][93]
October 14 – World Standards Day
October 15 – International Day of Rural Women, recognized by the UN[4][94]
October 15 – Global Handwashing Day
October 16 – World Food Day, recognized by the UN and FAO[4][95]
October 16 – National Boss Day (Boss's Day)
October 17 – International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, recognized by the UN[4][96]
October 18 – World Vasectomy Day[97]
October 20 – World Osteoporosis Day[98]
October 20 – International Day of the Air Traffic Controller[99]
October 20 – World Statistics Day
October 22 – International Stuttering Awareness Day
October 24 - World Tripe Day, recognized by the Tripe Marketing Board[100]
October 24 – United Nations Day, recognized by the UN[4][101]
October 24 – World Development Information Day, recognized by the UN[4][102]
October 27 – World Day for Audiovisual Heritage, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][103]
October 28 – International Animation Day
October 29 – World Stroke Day
First Monday in October – World Habitat Day, recognized by the UN[4][104]
Second Thursday in October, October 11 – World Sight Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][105]
First Monday of October – World Architecture Day
First Friday of October – World Smile Day[106]
Second Friday of October – World Egg Day[107]
Second Saturday of October- International Migratory Bird Day,South America
November
November 6 – International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict, recognized by the UN[4][108]
November 8 – International Day of Radiology
November 10 – World Science Day for Peace and Development, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][109]
November 12 – World Pneumonia Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][110]
November 13 – World Kindness Day
November 14 – World Diabetes Day, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][111]
November 15 – Day of the Imprisoned Writer
November 16 – International Day for Tolerance, recognized by the UN[4][112]
November 16 – World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Day, recognized by the UN and WHO (in 2013, celebrated on November 20)[4][113]
November 17 – International Students Day
November 17 - World Prematurity Day
November 19 – International Journalist's remembrance Day, recognized by the journalist community of the world[114]
November 19 – International Men's Day (Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Australia, India, United States, Singapore, Malta, United Kingdom, South Africa, Hungary, Ireland, Ghana, Canada, Denmark, Austria, France, Pakistan, Antigua and Barbuda, St. Kitts and Nevis and Grenada)
November 19 - International gun owner day (19/11)
November 20 – Universal Children's Day, recognized by the UN[4][115]
November 20 – Transgender Day of Remembrance
November 20 – Africa Industrialization Day, recognized by the UN[4][116]
November 21 – World Television Day, recognized by the UN[4][117]
November 21 – World Hello Day
November 25 – International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, recognized by the UN[4][118]
November 26 – International Day of Cats, recognized by the UN[4][119]
November 29 – International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People, recognized by the UN[4][120]
Third Thursday in November, November 15 – World Philosophy Day, recognized by the UN and UNESCO[4][121]
Third Sunday in November, November 17 – World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims, recognized by the UN and WHO[4][122]
December
December 1 – World AIDS Day, recognized by the UN[4][123]
December 2 – International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, recognized by the UN[4][124]
December 3 – International Day of Persons with Disabilities, recognized by the UN[4][125]
December 5 – International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development, recognized by the UN[4][126]
December 7 – International Civil Aviation Day, recognized by the UN and ICAO[4][127]
December 9 – International Anti-Corruption Day, recognized by the UN[4][128]
December 10 – Human Rights Day, recognized by the UN[4][129]
December 10 – International Animal Rights Day, founded in 1998 by Uncaged Campaigns[130]
December 11 – International Mountain Day, recognized by the UN[4][131]
December 12 – The International Day Of Heavy Metal, a celebration of Heavy Metal & Hard Rock Music[132][133][134][135]
December 18 – International Migrants Day, recognized by the UN[4][136]
December 20 – International Human Solidarity Day, recognized by the UN[4][137]
December 25 – Christmas Day, recognized by the Christian and Western World
Weeks[edit]
February 1–7 World Interfaith Harmony Week, recognized by the UN with A/RES/65/5[138]
March 21 – 27 Week of Solidarity with the Peoples Struggling against Racism and Racial Discrimination, recognized by the UN with A/RES/34/24[138]
April 25 – May 2 (2009) — Vaccination Week in the Americas[139]
May 25 – 31 Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories, recognized by the UN with A/RES/54/91[138]
August 1–7 World Breastfeeding Week, coordinated by the WHO[4]
October 4–10 – World Space Week, recognized by the UN with A/RES/54/68[138]
October 24–30 – Disarmament Week, recognized by the UN with A/RES/S-10/2 (see p. 102)[138]
October 25–31 – International Epidermolysis Bullosa Awareness Week, [5]
The week in which November 11 falls – International Week of Science and Peace, recognized by the UN with A/RES/43/61[138]
Global Road Safety Week – held on a different week every year, 2013: May 6–12; coordinated by the WHO[6]
Months[edit]
February – LGBT Month
September - International Prostate Cancer Awareness Month
October – Breast Cancer Awareness Month
November – Movember November events to raise awareness and funds for men's health issues, such as prostate cancer and depression
November – National Novel Writing Month People from all over the world trying to each write a 50,000 word novel in a month
Years
Before 1950[edit]
1882/1883 – International Polar Year
1932/1933 – International Polar Year
1950s[edit]
1957/1958 – International Geophysical Year
1959/1960 – World Refugee Year
1960s[edit]
1961 – International Health and Medical Research Year
1965 – International Cooperation Year
1967 – International Tourist Year
1968 – International Year for Human Rights
1970s[edit]
1970 – International Education Year
1971 – International Year for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination
1974 – World Population Year
1975 – International Women's Year
1978/1979 – International Anti-Apartheid Year
1979 – International Year of the Child
1980s[edit]
1981 – International Year of Disabled Persons
1982 – International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa
1983 – World Communications Year
1984 – Year of Women in South Africa [7]
1985 – Year of the United Nations
1985 – International Youth Year
1986 – International Year of Peace
1987 – International Year of Shelter for the Homeless
1990s[edit]
1990 – International Literacy Year – United Nations General Assembly Session 42 Resolution 104. International Literacy Year A/RES/42/104 December 7, 1987. Retrieved 2008-08-23.
1992 – International Space Year
1993 – International Year of the World's Indigenous People
1994 – International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal
1994 – International Year of the Family
1995 – World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of Victims of the Second World War
1995 – United Nations Year for Tolerance
1996 – International Year for the Eradication of Poverty
1998 – International Year of the Ocean
1999 – International Year of Older Persons
1999 – International Men's Day
2000s[edit]
2000 – International Year for the Culture of Peace
2001 – International Year of Mobilization against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance
2001 – International Year of Volunteers
2001 – United Nations Year of Dialogue among Civilizations[8][9][10]
2002 – International Year of Ecotourism [11]
2002 – International Year of Mountains [12] United Nations General Assembly Session 53 Resolution 24. A/RES/53/24 {{{date}}}. Retrieved 2007-11-19.
2002 – United Nations Year for Cultural Heritage [13]
2003 – International Year of Freshwater [14]
2003 – European Disability Year
2004 – International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition [15]
2004 – International Year of Rice
2005 – International Year for Sport and Physical Education
2005 – International Year of Microcredit [16]
2005 – World Year of Physics (declared by IUPAP) [17]
2006 – International Year of Deserts and Desertification
2007 – Year of the Dolphin (extended to 2008)
2007 – International Year of the Scout [18]
2007–2008 – International Heliophysical Year
2007–2008–(2009) – International Polar Year
(2007)–2008–(2009) – International Year of Planet Earth – (N.B. Triennium) – [19] and [20] & [21]
2007 – Year of the Rights of Internally Displaced Persons in Colombia
2008 – International Year of Languages
2008 – International Year of the Potato
2008 – International Year of Sanitation
2009 – International Year of Astronomy [22] (proposal accepted by 33rd session of the UNESCO General Conference, proclaimed by United Nations 62nd General Assembly)
2009 – International Year of Natural Fibres [140]
2009 – International Year of Reconciliation [141][142]
2009 – Year of the Gorilla – [23]
2009 – International Year of the Shark – [24]
2010s[edit]
2010 – International Year of Communications[citation needed]
2010 – International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures[143]
2010 – International Year of Biodiversity
2010 – International Year of Youth
2011 – International Year of Forests
2011 – International Year of Advanced Skills
2011 – International Year of Chemistry, recognized by UNESCO
2011 – International Year for People of African descent
2011 – World Veterinary Year 2011
2012 – International Year of Cooperatives
2012 – International Year of Sustainable Energy for All
2013 – International Year of Water Cooperation
2013 – International Year of Quinoa[144]
2014 – International Year of Small Island Developing States[145]
2014 – International Year of Family Farming [146]
2014 – International Year of Crystallography[147][148]
2014 – International Year of Solidarity with the Palestinian People [149]
2015 – International Year of Soils [150]
2015 – International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies [151]
2016 – International Year of Pulses [152]
Decades[edit]
1976–1985 – United Nations Decade for Women [25], recognized by the UN
1990s – International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction
1994–2004 – First International Decade of the World's Indigenous People [26], recognized by the UN
1997–2006 – First United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty [27], recognized by the UN
2000–2010 – Second International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism [28] (pdf), recognized by the UN
2000–2010 – Bone and Joint Decade [29], recognized by WHO
2001–2010 – International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-violence for the Children of the World [30], recognized by the UN
2001–2010 – Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa (2001–2010), recognized by the UN
2003–2012 – United Nations Literacy Decade [31], recognized by the UN
2005–2014 – United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development – [32], recognized by the UN
2005–2014 – Second International Decade of the World's Indigenous People [33], recognized by the UN
2005–2015 – Water for Life Decade, recognized by the UN
2010–2020 – United Nations Decade for Deserts and the Fight Against Desertification, recognized by the UN
2011–2020 – United Nations Decade on Biodiversity, recognized by the UN; Third International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism, recognized by the UN; Decade of Action for Road Safety , recognized by the UN
2013–2020 – International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures, recognized by UNESCO

WPF Interviews Q&A For Freshers Experienced

1. What is WPF?

WPF is the latest presentation API by Microsoft Windows. It is 2D and 3D graphic engine. Its capabilities include:-

·          All the common user controls. For example, check boxes, buttons, sliders etc.

·          Supports flow and fix format documents

·          all the functionality of Flash and HTML

·          Data binding

·          Multimedia

·          Animation

2. What are the types of documents supported by WPF?

Two types of the documents supported by Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) are the Flow format and fixed Format document. Flow format document alters the content to fit the screen size while fixed format document present content irrespective of the screen size.

3. Name the namespace required for working with 3D.

The namespace required for working in 3D is System.Windows.Media.Medi3D.

4. Is it right to say that WPF has replaced DirectX?

No, WPF can never replace DirectX. WPF cannot be used to create games with stunning graphics. WPF is meant to be a replacement for windows form, not DirectX.

5. What are dependency properties?

Properties that belong to a specific class but can be used for another are called the dependency properties.

6. How can the size of StatusBar be increased proportionally?

By overruling the ItemsPanel attribute of StatusBar with a grid. The grid’s columns can be appropriately configured to get the desired result.

7. What are Freezable objects in WPF?

An object, which has its state locked down, so that it becomes unchangeable, is known as a freezable object. Such objects perform better. It is also safer if they are required to be shared between threads. 

8. Why should WPF be preferred over Adobe Flash?

WPF is a more recent technology and thus has the latest development tools. It supports a broader range of programming languages and has a robust control reuse.

 9. How is Silverlight different from WPF browser application?

One of the major differences is that .NET framework is required for running WPF browser applications on the client machine. But Silverlight runs using only the plug-in. Another point of difference is that applications made in WPF depend on the OS as .NET Framework only runs on Windows. On the other hand, the Silverlight plug-in can be installed on those OSs also, which are not Windows.

10. Name the methods present in the DependencyObject.

It has three objects, namely:

·          SetValue

·          ClearValue

·          GetValue

11. Write about PRISM.

PRISM is a framework for creating complex applications for WPF, Silverlight or Windows Phone. PRISM utilizes MVVM, IC, Command Patterns, DI and Separation of Concerns to get loose coupling.

12. Is it possible to use Windows Forms in a WPF application?

Yes, Windows form can be used in WPF. Windows form can appear as a WPF pop. The controls of this Window form can be placed besides WPF controls in a WPF page by utilizing the functions of the WindowsFormsHost control that comes preinstalled.

13. Describe CustomControl briefly.

CustomControl widens the functions of existing controls. It consists of a default style in Themes/Generic.xaml and a code file. It is the best way to make a control library and can also be styled or templated.

 14. Name the common assemblies used in WPF?

·          PresentationFoundation

·          WindowsBase

·          PresentaionCore

15. Define Path animations in WPF

Path animation is a type of animation in which the animated object follows a path set by the Path geometry.

16. Can WPF applications be made without XAML?

Yes WPF applications can be created without XAML as using XAML in WPF is a matter of choice.

 17. What are the types of windows in WPF?

WPF has three types of windows:

·          Normal Window

·          Page Window

·          Navigate Window

18. How can elements in a ListBox be sorted?

Sorting can be done by using a property of the ItemsCollection object. ItemsCollection contains an attribute, SortDescriptions, which holds System.ComponentModel.SortDescription instances. Every SortDescription instance defines how the elements should be sorted and indicates if the sort is descending or ascending.

For instance, this code sorts elements of ContentControl on the basis of their word count property:

myItemsControl.Items.SortDescriptions.Add(new SortDescription(“WordCount”, ListSortDirection.Descending));

19. How is MVVM different from MVC?

MVC stands for Model-View Controller and.MVVM stands for Model-View ViewModel.

In MVVM, View Model is used instead of a controller. This View Model is present beneath the UI layer. It reveals the command objects and data that the view requires. It acts like a container object from which view gets its actions and data.

20. Explain Routed events in WPF.

An event, which can invoke handlers on more than one listeners present in an element tree, instead of the single object which called the event, is known as a Routed event.

21. How is System.Windows.Media.Visual dll utilized in WPF?

It is used whenever a requirement for creating custom user interface arises. It is a drawing object, which gives instructions for making an object. These instructions include opacity etc. of the drawing. The Visual class also bridges the functionalities of WPF managed classes and the MilCore.dll.

22. What are the various layout panels in WPF?

They are:

·          Stack Panel

·          Grid Panel

·          Canvas Panel

·          Dock Panel

·          Wrap Panel

23. Name the important subsystems in WPF

The major subsystems are:

·          Windows.Controls.Control

·          Windows.DependancyObject

·          Windows.FrameworkElement

·          Windows.Media.Visuals

·          Object

·          Threading.DispatcherObject

·          Windows.UIElements

24. What does BAML mean in WPF?

BAML is the abbreviation for Binary Application Markup Language. It is nothing but XAML that has been tokenized, parsed and changed into binary form. BAML is a compressed declarative language, which gets loaded and parsed quicker than XAML.

 25. What is Difference between Page and Window Controls in WPF?

The basic difference is that Window Control presides over Windows Application while Page Control presides over the hosted Browser Applications. Also, Window control may contain Page Control, but the reverse cannot happen.

26. What are Attached Properties in WPF?

Attached properties are basically Dependency Properties that allows the attachment of a value to any random object.

27. What is the INotifyPropertyChanged Interface?

The InotifyPropertyChanged notifies clients, generally those who are binding, if the value of a property gets changed. It has an event, called PropertyChanged, which gets raised everytime a property of Model object is changed.

28. What is the basic difference between Events and Commands in the MVVM Model?

Commands are more powerful and are advantageous to use instead of events. Actions are deeply connected with the event’s source and, therefore, the events cannot be reused easily. But commands make it possible to efficiently maintain multiple actions at one place and then reuse them as per our requirement.

29. What is the method to force close a ToolTip, which is currently visible?

It can be closed by setting the tooltip’s IsOpen property to false.

30. Write the differences between DynamicResource and StaticResource.

The most basic difference is that StaticResource evaluates the resource one time only, but DynamicResource evaluates it every time the resource is required. And due to this reason, DyanamicResource is heavy on the system but it makes pages or windows load faster

31. Explain MVVM pattern.

MVVM pattern divides the UI code into 3 basic parts:

·          Model – It represents a set of classes, which contain data received from databases.

·          View – It is the code that agrees with the visual representation of the data.

·          ViewModel – It is the layer that binds View and Model together. It presents this data in a manner, which is easy to understand. It also controls how View interacts with the application.

32. Why are layout panels needed for in WPF?

Layout Panels are needed so that the controls fit screens of different sizes or having different font sizes. If we arrange controls on fixed pixel coordinates, then this model will fail when moved to a different environment. For this reason, Layout panels are necessary.

33. Write about UserControl in brief.

UserControl wraps existing controls into a single reusable group. It contains a XAML file and a code. UserControl cannot be styled or templated.

34. What is the way to determine if a Freezable object is Frozen?

“IsFrozen” property of the object can be used to determine if the freezable object is frozen.

35. What is the unit of measurement in WPF?

All measurements are made in device-independent pixels, or logical pixels. One pixel is 1/96th part of an inch. These logical pixels are always mentioned as double, this enables them to have a fractional value too.

36. What is an adorner?

They are a special kind of FrameworkElement that provide visual clues to the user. They are also used to add handles to elements and give information about the state of a control. Adorners are bound to the UIElement and are rendered on a surface that lies above the element, which is adorned. This surface is called an AdornerLayer. Adorners are mostly placed relatively to the bounded element.

37. Explain Serialization?

It is the process of converting the state of an object to stream of bytes.

38. Is MDI supported in WPF?

MDI is not supported in WPF. UserControl can be used to give the same functionality as MDI.

39. What is XBAP?

XBAP is the abbreviated form of XAML Browser Application. It allows WPF applications to run inside web browsers. Installation of .NET framework on the client machine is a prerequisite for running WPF applications. But hosted applications are not given full admission to the client’s machine and are executed in a sandbox environment. Using WPF, such applications can also be created, which run directly in the browser. These applications are called XBAP.

40. In what sense are WPF and Silverlight similar?

Silverlight and WPF are similar in the sense that they both use XAML and share the same code, syntax and libraries.

41. How to make a ToolTip appear while hovering over a disabled element?

For this purpose, the ShowOnDisabled property can be used. It belongs to the ToolTipService class.

42. How can ListBox be made to scroll smoothly?

ListBox is configured to scroll on an item-by-item basis by default. This is dependent on the height of each element and the scrolling action, thus, giving a rough feeling. Better way is to configure scrolling action so that it shifts items by a few pixels irrespective of their height. This is done by setting the ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll property to “false”. This will, however, make the ListBox lose the virtualization property.

43. Where does the execution start in a WPF application?

WPF applications created in Visual Studio run without a Main method. This is because the applications are special-cased when they are compiled from XAML. That means, Visual Studio attaches a Build Action of ApplicationDefinition to the XAML file. This results in the auto generation of a Main method.

44. Can Windows Service be created Using WPF?

No, Windows Services cannot be created using WPF. WPF is a presentation language. Windows services need specific permissions to execute some GUI related functions. Therefore, if it does not get the required permissions, it gives errors.

45. What are the different kinds of Routed events in WPF?

There are three types of Routed events in WPF. They are:

·          Direct – This event can only be raised by the element in which it was originated.

·          Tunneling – This event is first raised by the element in which it was originated and then it gets raised by each consecutive container in the visual tree.

·          Bubbling – This event is first raised by the uppermost container in the visual tree and then gets raised by each consecutive container lying below the uppermost one, till it reaches the element it where it was originated.

46. Why is it better to wrap items in ComboBoxItem?

It has some important properties like IsSelected and IsHighlighted and also some necessary events like Selected and Unselected. ComboBoxItem is a content control and is thus very useful for adding simple strings to a ComboBox.

 47. How to get Automation IDs of items in a ItemsControl?

The best way to do this is by setting it Name property as it is utilized for automation purposes by default. But if you require to give an ID to an element, other than it’s name, then the AutomationProperties.AutomationID property can be set as per need.

 48. How can command-line arguments be retrieved in a WPF application?

The most preferred method for this is to call System.Environment.GetCommandLineArgs at any random point in the application.

49. State the name of the classes, which contain arbitrary content.

Content Control

HeaderedContent Control

Items Control

HeaderedItems Control

50. Which NameSpace has ‘Popup’ and ‘Thumb’ controls?

The namespace system.windows.controls.primitives has ‘Popup’ and ‘Thumb’ controls.